Terry loves meeting new people. She is Deaf, yet she has mastered the art of connecting with others, even those who don’t know a Sign Language. One evening, she went out for dinner with her hearing boyfriend. The waiter greeted them warmly, flashing each of them a smile. When the waiter made eye contact with Terry, she instantly felt included and valued. But the moment Terry signed her order, the energy shifted. The waiter stopped acknowledging her, directing all attention only to her boyfriend as if Terry had vanished from the table.
This is the reality many Deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals face daily. Communication is a fundamental element of connection and respect, and this is where Deaf communication etiquette becomes essential.
Traditional spoken communication may not always be accessible. Understanding and practicing Deaf communication etiquette ensures that interactions are respectful, inclusive, and effective.
Here’s what you need to know.
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1
Deaf as a Cultural Identity in Kenya
In Kenya, many people still see being deaf only as a disability, but for members of the Deaf community, it is also a cultural identity. Kenya has its own sign language, the Kenyan Sign Language (KSL) which is recognized in the Constitution. Many Deaf Kenyans proudly use KSL, and they view Deaf as a unique human experience, not something that needs “fixing.” Respect starts with understanding this perspective.
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Getting Someone’s Attention Politely
When you meet a Deaf person shouting won’t help. Instead:
- Lightly tap their shoulder or wave within their line of sight.
- In a group, flick the lights (common in offices or classrooms).
- Use a mutual friend to signal. Remember: startling movements or loud claps are not respectful.
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3
Eye Contact is Key
As Kenyans, greetings carry a lot of weight whether it’s a handshake, a hug, or saying “Sasa”. For Deaf communication, eye contact is the handshake. Looking away while someone is signing is like cutting them off mid-sentence. Stay engaged.
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Clear Alternatives When You Don’t Know KSL
If you don’t know Kenyan Sign Language, you can:
- Write on paper or use WhatsApp.
- Use gestures or pointing.
- Try free apps like Google Live Transcribe.
« Always remember that Kenya Sign Language (KSL) is taught in English, using English in written or digital communication (like WhatsApp or SMS) ensures Deaf Kenyans are included »
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Learn Basic KSL Signs
Even a few KSL signs like “hello,” “thank you,” or “sorry” can go a long way. In fact, many universities and churches in Kenya are now offering short KSL classes. For professionals (teachers, doctors, customer service staff), learning KSL is a game-changer.
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Respect Interpreters
Interpreters are of great importance to the Deaf community, but they should never replace the deaf person in a conversation, always remember to:
- Talk to the Deaf person, not the interpreter.
- Keep eye contact with the Deaf individual.
- Remember the interpreter is just a bridge, not the conversation partner.
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Lighting and Space
In some places poor lighting may be a hindrance to communication. Make sure there’s enough light for signing. Avoid standing with your back to the sun or a bright window.
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Group Settings
In public gatherings:
- Use a moderator to guide turn-taking.
- Only one person should speak/sign at a time.
- Give space for people to shift their attention between speakers and interpreters.
- Avoid movements where the interpreter is to avoid interruption.
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Things to Avoid
- Don’t shout, it doesn’t make you clearer.
- Don’t exaggerate your lip movements, it confuses rather than helps.
- Don’t assume all Deaf people can lip-read or use hearing aids.
Always remember that KSL is taught in English, using English in written or digital communication (like WhatsApp or SMS) ensures Deaf Kenyans are fully included. It’s also okay to make honest mistakes, but what matters most is showing effort to genuinely connect.
Article by: Maryanne Emomeri