The Gig Economy and Youth with Disabilities: Opportunities and Challenges in Kenya
Youth with disabilities in Kenya can use the gig economy to overcome challenges like inaccessible infrastructure, workplace discrimination, and the lack of accommodations.
A young man envisioning participation in the gig economy (Microsoft Designer)
Understanding the Gig Economy
The gig economy refers to a labor market characterized by short-term contracts, freelance work, and flexible employment opportunities. Instead of traditional 9-to-5 jobs, gig workers engage in tasks like freelance writing, graphic design, online tutoring, or delivery services.
This model has gained traction due to its flexibility and accessibility, offering an avenue for youths with disabilities to earn a living without facing barriers tied to conventional workplaces.
Gig Economy Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities
Youth with disabilities in Kenya can use the gig economy to overcome challenges like inaccessible infrastructure, workplace discrimination, and the lack of accommodations. Freelance roles in areas like graphic design, transcription, digital marketing, and software development allow them to work remotely with minimal physical demands.
Digital platforms like Upwork, Fiverr, and Ajira Digital offer various opportunities that match their skills and interests. Tasks such as online customer support or data entry are also ideal for individuals with physical disabilities, as they do not require physical mobility. Gig platforms have further enabled youth in rural Kenya to participate in economic activities without the need to commute long distances.
Factors Driving the Rise of the Gig Economy
Technological advancements, particularly in artificial intelligence (AI) and digital platforms, have significantly shaped the gig economy. While these technologies create new gig opportunities—such as remote freelance work in customer service or content creation—they also contribute to job displacement in traditional sectors. For instance, AI-driven tools can automate tasks that previously required human labor, leading to layoffs.
This trend pushes displaced workers, including those with disabilities who may already face employment barriers, towards gig opportunities as a means of income. In Kenya, the rise of mobile technology and internet accessibility has facilitated the emergence of platforms like Ajira Digital, which specifically targets youth seeking online work.
-
1
Flexibility and Autonomy
The gig economy is particularly appealing to individuals seeking flexibility and control over their work schedules. For youth with disabilities, who may require adaptable hours or remote work arrangements due to disability considerations, gig work offers a viable solution.
The ability to choose when and where to work can significantly enhance their quality of life and economic independence. According to a 2023 survey, approximately 30% of gig workers cite flexibility as a primary reason for engaging in this type of work, highlighting its importance for those managing disabilities.
-
2
Rising Unemployment
Rising unemployment in Kenya has led to an increased uptake of the gig economy, particularly among youths with disabilities who face additional barriers in the traditional job market. As of 2024, the overall unemployment rate in Kenya is projected to be 5.7%, with youth unemployment significantly higher, especially for those aged 20 to 24 years, where it stands at 15.6%. For young persons with disabilities, the situation is even more challenging, with unemployment rates estimated between 40% and 60% due to systemic issues such as discrimination and limited access to education and training opportunities.
The gig economy presents a viable alternative for these individuals, offering flexible work arrangements that can accommodate their specific needs and circumstances. Engaging in gig work enables youths with disabilities to gain financial independence, develop new skills, and contribute to their households while navigating the difficulties posed by high unemployment rates. This shift not only alleviates some of the economic pressures they face but also fosters a sense of empowerment and inclusion within the workforce.
-
3
Digital Connectivity
Digital connectivity plays a crucial role in increasing the uptake of the gig economy in Kenya, particularly benefiting youths with disabilities who may face barriers in traditional employment settings. As of 2024, Kenya boasted an internet penetration rate of approximately 42%, which has facilitated access to various digital platforms that connect gig workers with job opportunities. This connectivity enables individuals, including those with disabilities, to engage in online work.
The growth of mobile technology and affordable internet services has further empowered these youths to tap into the gig economy, allowing them to overcome geographical and physical limitations that often hinder their participation in the formal job market. With platforms like Ajira Digital and various freelancing websites gaining traction, young persons with disabilities can find flexible work arrangements that accommodate their specific needs, ultimately fostering economic empowerment and inclusion in Kenya's evolving digital landscape.
-
4
Pandemic Induced Shifts
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly reshaped the landscape of the gig economy, leading to an increased uptake as individuals sought alternative sources of income amid widespread job losses and economic uncertainty.
In Kenya, like many other countries, the pandemic forced many workers to pivot from traditional employment to gig work as a means of survival. With the closure of physical workplaces and the shift to remote operations, the demand for gig workers surged, particularly in sectors such as delivery services and online freelancing.
Reports indicated that participation in the gig economy expanded rapidly during this period, with a notable increase in the number of individuals engaging in freelance tasks and micro-jobs to compensate for lost income.
For youths with disabilities in Kenya, this shift presents numerous benefits beyond mere accessibility and flexibility. The gig economy allows them to leverage their unique skills and talents in a way that traditional employment often does not.
Many young persons with disabilities find opportunities to engage in creative fields, allowing them to express their creativity while earning an income. Furthermore, the gig economy provides a platform for these individuals to build a professional portfolio that showcases their work, enhancing their employability for future opportunities. Additionally, the gig economy fosters a sense of community among workers.
Many platforms facilitate networking and collaboration among freelancers, enabling youths with disabilities to connect with peers and mentors who could provide guidance and support. This sense of belonging was particularly important during a time when social isolation was prevalent due to pandemic restrictions.
Moreover, engaging in gig work empowers youths with disabilities by giving them greater control over their financial futures. Participation in the gig economy enables them to generate income independently, reducing reliance on family support or government assistance. This financial independence not only boosts their self-esteem but also contributes to their overall well-being
The gig economy presents immense potential for youth with disabilities in Kenya. It provides an avenue to overcome physical, societal, and economic barriers, enabling meaningful participation in the labor market. Digital platforms and initiatives such as Ajira Digital and the Next Step Foundation offer valuable tools and training to support this inclusion. In the next part of this article, we look at the challenges in the gig economy and The Dual Impact of AI on the Gig Economy for Persons with Disabilities.
Article by: Brian Ndiritu